大(da)(da)家(jia)都知(zhi)道現在市面上有很多電容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),其中超(chao)級電容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)可以不可或缺的(de)一(yi)種電容(rong)(rong)啊(a)。前(qian)面我們也給大(da)(da)家(jia)介紹了關于(yu)超(chao)級電容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)的(de)原理今天就實地講講超(chao)級電容(rong)(rong)對汽車的(de)作(zuo)用吧。

    大家都明白了蓄電池可是汽車中的很關鍵的電器部件，它的性能可是能直接影響汽車的啟動。而現在的汽車啟動無一例外地采用啟動電動機的啟動方式。所以在啟動過程中特別是在啟動瞬間，由于啟動電動機轉速為零，不產生感生電勢，故啟動電流：I=E/(RM+RS+RL)；其中：E為蓄電池空載端電壓，RM為啟動電動機的電樞電阻，RS為蓄電池內阻、RL為線路電阻。由于RM、RB、RL均非常低，啟動電流非常大。例如用12 V、45 Ah的蓄電池啟動安裝1.9 L柴油機的汽車，蓄電池的電壓在啟動瞬間由12.6 V降到約3.6 V，啟動過程的蓄電池電壓波形如圖1所示。啟動瞬時的電流達550 A，約為蓄電池的12C的放電率>啟動過程的蓄電池電流波形如圖2所示。電流傳感器的電流/電壓變換比率為100 A/V。盡管車用(yong)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是啟(qi)動專用(yong)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，可以(yi)高倍(bei)率(lv)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但(dan)從圖l可以(yi)看出，10倍(bei)以(yi)上高倍(bei)率(lv)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性(xing)(xing)能變得很(hen)差(cha)，而(er)且，如此(ci)高倍(bei)率(lv)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損傷(shang)也是非常明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。啟(qi)動過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)劇烈變化也是極強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁干擾，可以(yi)造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)掉電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，迫(po)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)在(zai)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)啟(qi)動過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)結(jie)束后重新上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，計算(suan)機(ji)在(zai)這(zhe)個過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)非常容(rong)易(yi)死機(ji)。因(yin)此(ci)，從改(gai)善汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁環(huan)境、改(gai)善汽車的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)啟(qi)動性(xing)(xing)能和蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性(xing)(xing)能或延長蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)壽命來考慮，改(gai)善汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)在(zai)啟(qi)動過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能是必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。解決問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方案之一是加大蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量，但(dan)需要(yao)增加很(hen)多，并使其體積增大，這(zhe)并不(bu)是好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇。而(er)將超(chao)級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器與(yu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)并聯(lian)可以(yi)很(hen)好地解決這(zhe)個問(wen)題。

看了上(shang)面的內(nei)容，想(xiang)必都知(zhi)道超(chao)級電容器對于汽車啟動的影響了吧。這(zhe)可是很少見的知(zhi)識哦。