市(shi)面上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)多種(zhong)多樣,其中(zhong)我們所知道的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)種(zhong)類就(jiu)有11種(zhong),如果大家不了解這些不同種(zhong)類的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)之(zhi)間有什么作用的(de)話是不能選(xuan)擇恰到好處的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)。現在(zai)我們就(jiu)來介紹電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)種(zhong)類.

1、鋁電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器：用(yong)浸有糊狀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質的(de)吸水紙夾在兩條鋁箔(bo)中(zhong)間卷(juan)繞而成，薄的(de)化氧化膜(mo)作介質的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器.因為氧化膜(mo)有單(dan)向導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性質,所(suo)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器具(ju)有極性.容(rong)量(liang)大(da)(da)，能耐受大(da)(da)的(de)脈動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)容(rong)量(liang)誤(wu)差(cha)大(da)(da)，泄(xie)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)(da)；普通的(de)不(bu)適于(yu)在高頻和(he)低溫下應用(yong),不(bu)宜使用(yong)在25kHz以(yi)上頻率，常用(yong)于(yu)低頻旁路、信號耦合、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源濾波

2、鉭電(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)容器用燒結的鉭塊作正極,電(dian)(dian)解質使用固體二(er)氧化(hua)錳,溫度特(te)性(xing)(xing)、頻率(lv)特(te)性(xing)(xing)和可靠性(xing)(xing)均(jun)優(you)于普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)容器，特(te)別是(shi)漏電(dian)(dian)流極小，貯(zhu)存(cun)性(xing)(xing)良好(hao)，壽命(ming)長，容量誤差小，而且體積小，穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)，有很寬(kuan)的工作溫度范圍，對脈動電(dian)(dian)流的耐(nai)受(shou)能(neng)力(li)差，若損壞易(yi)呈短路狀態(tai)。

3、薄(bo)膜電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)結構與紙質電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)相(xiang)似，但用聚脂(zhi)、聚苯(ben)乙烯(xi)等低損耗(hao)塑材(cai)作介質，頻率特(te)性(xing)好，介電(dian)損耗(hao)小，但不能做成大的容(rong)量，耐熱能力差，這種電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)常用于濾波(bo)器(qi)、積分、振(zhen)蕩、定時電(dian)路等

4、瓷(ci)介電(dian)容(rong)器穿心式或支(zhi)柱式結構瓷(ci)介電(dian)容(rong)器，它的一個電(dian)極(ji)就是安(an)裝螺絲。引線電(dian)感極(ji)小(xiao)，頻(pin)率特(te)性好，介電(dian)損耗小(xiao)，有溫度(du)補(bu)償作用，不能做成大的容(rong)量，受振動會引起容(rong)量變(bian)化，特(te)別適(shi)于高頻(pin)旁(pang)路

5、獨(du)石電(dian)(dian)容器(qi) (多層陶(tao)瓷(ci)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi))在若干片(pian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)薄膜坯上被覆(fu)以電(dian)(dian)極漿材(cai)料，疊合(he)后一(yi)次繞(rao)結成一(yi)塊不可分(fen)割(ge)的整體，外面再(zai)用樹(shu)脂包(bao)封(feng)而(er)成，具(ju)有小體積、大容量、高可靠和耐高溫的優(you)點，高介電(dian)(dian)常數(shu)的低頻獨(du)石電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)也具(ju)有穩定的性能，體積極小，Q值高，容量誤差(cha)較大，常用于旁路(lu)、濾波器(qi)、積分(fen)、振蕩電(dian)(dian)路(lu)。

6、紙(zhi)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器一(yi)般是用兩(liang)條鋁(lv)箔作為電(dian)(dian)極，中(zhong)間以厚度為0.008～0.012mm的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器紙(zhi)隔開重(zhong)疊卷(juan)繞(rao)而(er)成。制造工藝簡單(dan)，價格便宜，能得到較大的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)量一(yi)般在(zai)低頻電(dian)(dian)路內，通(tong)常(chang)不能在(zai)高(gao)于(yu)3～4MHz的(de)頻率上運(yun)用。油浸電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器的(de)耐(nai)壓比普通(tong)紙(zhi)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器高(gao)，穩(wen)定性(xing)也好，適用于(yu)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)路

7、微調電容(rong)器(qi) 電容(rong)量(liang)可(ke)在某一小(xiao)范圍(wei)內調整，并可(ke)在調整后固(gu)定(ding)于某個(ge)電容(rong)值(zhi)。瓷介(jie)微調電容(rong)器(qi)的Q值(zhi)高，體積也小(xiao)，通常可(ke)分為(wei)圓(yuan)管式及圓(yuan)片式兩(liang)種。

8、云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)電(dian)容器用金(jin)屬箔或者在(zai)(zai)(zai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)片(pian)上(shang)噴涂銀層(ceng)做的(de)(de)電(dian)極(ji)板(ban)(ban)，極(ji)板(ban)(ban)和云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)一層(ceng)一層(ceng)疊(die)合后，再壓(ya)鑄在(zai)(zai)(zai)膠木粉或封(feng)固在(zai)(zai)(zai)環氧(yang)樹脂中制成(cheng)(cheng)。它的(de)(de)特(te)點是(shi)介質損耗小，絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻大(da)、溫(wen)度系(xi)(xi)(xi)數小，適宜用于高(gao)(gao)頻電(dian)路(lu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)電(dian)容器就結構而言(yan)，可(ke)分為箔片(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)被(bei)銀式(shi)(shi)(shi)。被(bei)銀式(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)極(ji)為直接在(zai)(zai)(zai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)片(pian)上(shang)用真空(kong)(kong)蒸發法(fa)或燒(shao)滲法(fa)鍍上(shang)銀層(ceng)而成(cheng)(cheng)，由于消除了空(kong)(kong)氣間(jian)隙，溫(wen)度系(xi)(xi)(xi)數大(da)為下(xia)降，電(dian)容穩定性(xing)也比箔片(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)。頻率特(te)性(xing)好，Q值高(gao)(gao)，溫(wen)度系(xi)(xi)(xi)數小不能做成(cheng)(cheng)大(da)的(de)(de)容量廣泛應用在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)頻電(dian)器中，并(bing)可(ke)用作標準電(dian)容器

9、陶瓷電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)常數的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)陶瓷〈鈦酸鋇一氧化(hua)鈦〉擠壓(ya)成(cheng)圓(yuan)管(guan)、圓(yuan)片或(huo)圓(yuan)盤作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)介(jie)(jie)質，并用(yong)(yong)燒滲(shen)法將銀鍍在(zai)陶瓷上作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)制成(cheng)。它(ta)又分高(gao)(gao)頻瓷介(jie)(jie)和低頻瓷介(jie)(jie)兩(liang)種。具(ju)有較小的(de)(de)正溫度系(xi)數，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)(gao)穩(wen)定振(zhen)蕩(dang)回路(lu)(lu)中，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)諧振(zhen)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)及墊整電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)。低頻瓷介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)限于(yu)在(zai)工作(zuo)(zuo)頻率較低的(de)(de)回路(lu)(lu)中作(zuo)(zuo)旁路(lu)(lu)或(huo)隔(ge)直流用(yong)(yong)，或(huo)對穩(wen)定性和損耗(hao)要求不(bu)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)場合〈包括高(gao)(gao)頻在(zai)內〉。這種電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)宜使用(yong)(yong)在(zai)脈沖電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中，因為(wei)它(ta)們易于(yu)被(bei)脈沖電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)擊穿。高(gao)(gao)頻瓷介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)(gao)頻電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)

10、玻璃釉電容器(qi)由(you)一(yi)種(zhong)濃(nong)度適于噴涂的特殊混合物噴涂成(cheng)(cheng)薄(bo)膜而成(cheng)(cheng)，介(jie)質再以銀層電極經燒結而成(cheng)(cheng)"獨石"結構性能可與云母電容器(qi)媲美，能耐受各種(zhong)氣候環境(jing)，一(yi)般可在200℃或更(geng)高溫(wen)度下工作(zuo)，額(e)定工作(zuo)電壓(ya)可達500V，損耗tgδ0.0005～0.008

11、固態(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)固態(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)是尖端(duan)先進(jin)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)。與傳(chuan)(chuan)統的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)相比(bi)，新時代的(de)固態(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)采用(yong)具有高電(dian)(dian)(dian)導率，高穩定性的(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)高分子(zi)材料作為固態(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質，代替了傳(chuan)(chuan)統鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)內的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液，大幅(fu)度改進(jin)了傳(chuan)(chuan)統液態(tai)(tai)鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)的(de)不足，展(zhan)現(xian)了優(you)越(yue)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣特性。